Visit the Houghton-le-Spring Heritage Centre
[ YOU ARE HERE: Houghton Heritage > Articles > Parish Church > Church Excavations ]

 

Excavating St Michael & All Angels Church, Houghton-le-Spring, 2008

Church excavations in Feb 2008

THE PAST UNEARTHED

Houghton-le-Spring - A Site of Worship for 4000 Years?

In 2007 plans were put in motion by the then incumbent, Rev Ian Wallis, for the reordering of the interior of the ancient St Michael & All Angels Church. The community project, called the Next Nine Hundred Campaign, was to see improved access to the church along with new movable pews and chairs, underfloor heating, general redecoration and the building of a new heritage centre and meeting room.
Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

In essence the Church interior would be partly modernised and brought up to standard for 21st century worship. Former Rector, Rev Ian Wallis, who left the parish in 2007 after 12 years, said:

“Make no mistake, this is far more than an appeal to restore ancient fabric or upgrade a public amenity.
This is a vision for how St Michael’s can continue to fulfil its vocation within the community it serves.
If, like me, Houghton has touched your life in some way or you wish to be associated with such an
exciting project, then I encourage you to give generously and to play your part in its realisation.”

Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

Work got underway in January 2008 and the church doors were closed, while contractors controversially removed the traditional pews and excavated the floor, under the watchful eye of archaeologist Peter Ryder and his team, in preparation for the installation of a more modern day central heating system.

The archaeologists were on hand to record a ‘watching brief’ or archaeological investigation rather than a full-scale excavation, as such a project would cost many more thousands of pounds, let alone many more weeks. Indeed the recent unexpected discoveries cost an estimated £10,000 more than had been originally estimated, and the major refurbishment to the Grade I listed building has now given a lot of answers but has also raised many more questions!

Peter Ryder
Archaeologist Peter Ryder in St Michael's Church

Investigations by archaeologist Peter Ryder uncovered several large whinstone boulders buried under the church floor, suggesting that the building was once part of a prehistoric burial cairn, stone circle or ritual site. Peter of Riding Mill, Northumberland, said:

“These boulders tell the earliest part of our story. It suggests it is a prehistoric site; there can’t be any other reason why these very large boulders should be inside the church.”

Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

A line of similar boulders had been found in the churchyard during drainage works in 1999. The work also uncovered huge Roman stones under the tower which was restored in 1350. It is thought that the re-used stones could have come from a Roman temple or public building, suggesting that the site had been taken over by subsequent religions.

Click to Enlarge
Click to Enlarge
Click to Enlarge
Charnel remains
The main aisle
Victorian heating duct

This is not the first time that St Michael’s has undergone a major refit. The Church was restored in 1837, but it was later described as “impaired by ill-advised restoration”, as many old features were destroyed. It was further remodelled between 1857 and 1858 by well-known Newcastle architect, John Dobson, under the watchful eye of the autocratic Rector, Rev John Grey. The works saw the earlier flat roof replaced with a high-pitched roof, and the recent investigations have revealed that John Dobson reused medieval timbers from the roof.
Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

It was also discovered that the Victorians had disturbed hundreds of human bones and skulls. Under the floor lies a maze of stone and brick vaults that had earlier been emptied during the work in the 1850s. These bones were bagged up, ready for reinterment when the new floor was laid. During an open day to view the archaeological excavations in February 2008, the charnel remains, which filled twenty or so large green bags, were stacked up against the tomb of Rector Bernard Gilpin in the south transept.

Click to Enlarge
Click to Enlarge
Click to Enlarge
An ancient skull
The Font
Looking towards the doors

The worn threshold stone and remains of the south doorway of the early Norman church were discovered, along with extensive evidence of burning. This has given rise to the theory that St Michael’s was set ablaze in 1319 when Black Douglas, or the Guid Sir James, ransacked Houghton on his way to Hartlepool. In Frank H Rushford’s 1950 ‘Houghton-le-Spring: A History’ it was noted that John Sayer, a parishioner, “when fleeing from a party of Scots, climbed to the top of the tower, and in descending slipped and, falling upon the bells, was killed.” It is said locally that the church had to be granted absolution for the shedding of blood on consecrated ground.

Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

At the time of writing [Feb 2008], the reordering works are still well underway but a new chapter in St Michael’s history is on the horizon. We are all very eager to have our church back into full operation.

 


Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

A history of restoration at St Michael & All Angels Church, Houghton-le-Spring, 2008

c1350 – reinforced foundations were installed following the collapse of the central tower.

1604 – St Michael’s Vestry Book recorded: “Mr Docter Hutton the parson there is contented in his devotion to beare the charge of the floringe of the church…and for the bryngynge of bords for loftinge of the lower lofte of the belhouse so sone as may be.”

1606 – It was recorded in St Michael’s Vestry Book that: “…a sesment of a grote of the pound shalbe collect and gathered by the Cunstables of everie towne and hamlet next adjoyninge unto them for the repairing of the Church..”

1657 - St Michael's Vestry Book records that an order was made that any disturbance to the Church floor or seats for the making of a grave must be repaired within fourteen days: "and the rubbish remayning to be cleane carried forth of the Church." The church Sexton, whose many roles included grave digging, was ordered to take up the floor stones with care and to make every grave within the Church at least 1 1/2 yards deep, the equivalent of 4 1/2 feet.

1742 - May 29th – "The church of Houghton-le-Spring, being to be repaired, the churchwardens advertised for joiners, plumbers, and masons, to contract for the same. They were to "meet the churchwardens at the house of John Robson, in Houghton-le-Spring, on Monday the 7th of June next, there to treat about the several works, and they who will undertake to do them substantially and cheapest, will be employed."

Houghton Parish Church with a flat roof

1831 - Philip Hardwick, the eminent English architect, made plans for a new roof.

1837 – St Michael’s Church was restored and many old features were removed. The work was later described as “impaired by ill-advised restoration”.
Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

1857 - 1858 – St Michael’s Church was remodelled by well-known Newcastle architect, John Dobson, under the watchful eye of the autocratic Rector, Rev John Grey. The works saw the earlier flat roof replaced with a high-pitched roof.

1859 – February 26th – St Michael’s Church reopened following the restoration work.

October 1886 – Dinning & Cooke from Percy Ironworks, Newcastle, submitted a quote to Rector John Grey for a proposed new heating system for St Michael’s Church.

The east transept of St Michael's Church, Houghton, 1973

1973 – Restoration work was carried out at St Michaels Church on the east, south, and north transepts, costing £16,000.

1999 – A line of large whinstone boulders were found in St Michael’s Churchyard during drainage works for the new canteen at the back of the Church, giving support to the thought that the building was once part of a prehistoric burial cairn, stone circle or ritual site.

2007 - Plans were put in motion by the then incumbent, Rev Ian Wallis, for the reordering of the interior of the ancient St Michael & All Angels Church. The community project was called the Next Nine Hundred campaign.

2008 – January – Work got underway on the Next Nine Hundred campaign. The Victorian pews were removed and the floor was excavated. Copyright © Books of the North 2009.

The west transept of St Michael's Church, Houghton, October 2nd 2010

2010 - July – Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester, visited St Michael & All Angels Church on Monday July 26th 2010 and viewed the reordered interior and Heritage Centre. He spent time talking with clergy, parishioners and diocesan archaeologist Peter Ryder.

2010 – September – The exterior of the west transept was cloaked in scaffolding as damaged stonework was replaced. The repairs were made in time for Houghton Feast.

Making repairs in March 2011

 

Article and research by Paul Lanagan, local historian

If you have enjoyed this article and would like to make a donation towards the website's costs please click below:

 

Paul Lanagan wishes to place on record his thanks to the following:

:: Thanks go to Peter Ryder for his time in answering questions and posing for photographs at the Open Day.

:: Appreciation is noted for Churchwarden David Turnbull and his team for information and assistance during the Open Day.

:: Houghton-le-Spring: A History, Frank H Rushford, c1950

:: Houghton-le-Spring & District Official Handbook, 1946

:: Local Records or Historical Register of Remarkable Events by John Sykes, 1833

:: Seventeenth Century Life in the Country Parish, Eleanor Trotter MA, Cambridge University Press, 1919

 

 


[ YOU ARE HERE: Houghton Heritage > Articles > Parish Church > Church Excavations ]

 

Copyright © 2011 - All Rights Reserved | About this site

The Gilpin family crest

PAGE UPDATED: 06/11/2011